Ventilator



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

L. H. GONARD & A. R. COLLINS. VENTILATOR Pate n ted Feb. 25,1896.-

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

L. H. OONARD & A. R; COLLINS. VENTILATOR.

Notsss s-l. Patented Feb.'25, 1s96.

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ANDREW RGRAHAMJMOTO LITMQWASHINGTON DC UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LINFORD H. CONARD AND ALFRED R. COLLINS, OF CAMDEN, NEIV JERSEY.

VENTILATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 555,431, dated February25, 1896. Application filed March 30, 1895. Renewed January 23, 1896.Serial No. 576,607. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, LINFORD H. CONARD and ALFRED R. OoLL1Ns,citizensofthe United States, residing at Camden, in county of Camden and Stateof New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inVentilators, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to a new and useful improvement in ventilators,and has for its object to provide such a device that will be automaticin its operation and will so control the inflow and outflow of air as topositively change the atmospheric contents of a room in a specifiedtime.

With these ends in View the invention consists in certain details ofconstruction and combinations of elements hereinafter set forth, andthen specifically designated by the claims.

In order that those skilled in the art to which this inventionappertains may understand how to make and use the same, we will describeits construction and operation in detail, referring by number to theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and inwhich- I Figure 1 is an elevation of our improvement in proper positionrelative to a window Fig. 2, a central vertical section thereof; Fig. 3,a sectional elevation of a method by which the device is adjusted tovarying widths of window-frames Fig. 4, a view similar to Fig. 2,showing an automatic means for winding the motor mechanism; and Fig. 5is a diagram of a modified form of connection between the motor andvalves.

Similar numbers denote like parts in the several views of the drawings.

1 is a chamber formed by suitable framework, its sides being inclosed byglasses 2 and 3, the latter set in a swinging frame 4, which is hingedat 5, so as to permit access to the inside of the chamber.

6 and 7 are curved sheet-metal caps, which inclose a portion of thebottom and top, respectively, of the chamber.

8 and 9 are butterfly-valves pivoted to the ends of the casing andadapted to regulate the passage of air through the openings 10 and 11,respectively, for the purpose herein- .after explained.

Secured within the chamber, and to one end thereof, is a spring or othermotor 12, provided with a regulator 13, whereby a given speed ismaintained.-

14 is a cam carried by and receiving a rotary motion from the motor 12,and is provided with two concentric surfaces 15. and 16, the latter of asmaller diameter than the former.

17 and 18 are rods pivoted to the valves 8 and 9, respectively, andcarrying rolls 19 at their ends, which bear against the surfaces of thecam 14, so that when said cam revolves the rods 17 and 18 are caused toreciprocate in their guides 20.

The valves 8 and 9 are counterbalanced so as to close of their ownweight, or they may be operated by a spring against the action of thecam 14.

21 and 22 are rails secured to the top and bottom of the frame, and 23are sliding side rails, whereby the device is adapted to differentwidths of window-frames, and these rails 23 are normally distended bythe springs 24 coiled around bolts 25, which slide in sockets 26 set inthe top and bottom rails, so that'in order to place the device in itsproper position within the window-frame the upper sash of the window islowered and the rails 23 compressed to the width of the window-frameagainst the sides of which they will bear when. released, when, byraising the window-sash against the lower rail of the device, the latterwill be securely held in the position shown in Fig. 1.

The spring of the motor 12 may be wound by an ordinary key, or it may beprovided with a drum 27, around which is a cord 28, terminating in ahand-hold 29, so that by pulling upon the cord 28 the spring of saidmotor will be wound to the proper tension and so retained by theordinary ratchet-andpawl mechanism.

From the above description the operation of the device will be asfollows The motor being regulated and set in motion, causing the cam 14to revolve in the direction indicated by the arrow, the surface 15 ofsaid cam, acting upon the roll carried by the rod 18, will elevate saidrod and open the valve 9, as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2, and permitthe external air to flow through the opening into the chamber 1,displacing the warmer and consequently lighter air therein, and the cam14:, continuing to revolve, the surface 16 will be brought into aposition that will permit the rod 18 to drop, thus closing the valve 9and shutting oif any further flow of air, when the rod 17 will beoperated upon by the surface 15 of the cam to open the valve 8 andpermit the cool air in the chamber to flow into the room and its placebe taken by the warmer and lighter air of the room. A repetition ofthese movements will close the valve 8 and again open the valve 9, whenthe warmer and lighter air just admitted to the chamber will bedisplaced by the inflowing of the heavier outside air, as beforedescribed, so that it will be seen that if the motor be regulated tomake so many revolutions in a given time a given amount of the air ofthe room will be displaced by a like amount of external air, regardlessof the direction or force of the wind outside, and further, as theingress of the outside air to the room is interrupted and sufficienttime allowed for said air to become combined with the air in the roomand its temperature equalized, there can be no dangerous or annoyingdrafts, and this is very advantageous in sick'rooms and hespitals.

By the use of our improved ventilator, to change the atmosphericcontents of a room in a given time, it is only necessary to know thesize of said room and the relative capacity of the chamber 1, when byregulating the speed of the motor the air in the room will be displacedin a predetermined time.

30 is a curved slide adapted to run in grooves 31, in order that theopening 11 may be varied or entirely closed.

To obviate the necessity of having to wind the spring of the motor byhand, we have shown an arrangement in Fig. 4 for automaticallyaccomplishing this result, and it is as follows: To the face of themotor 12 is attached a bracket 32, which supports a hollow vessel 33,composed preferably of two thin disks of metal, secured at their edgesto each other and capable of having a spring movement to and from eachother.

3a is a rod secured to the upper portion of the vessel 33 and guided insuitable bearing 35, and pivoted to this red 31 is a pawl 30 adapted toengage with and actuate the ratchet 37, which is secured to or connectedwith the shaft by which the spring of the motor is wound.

The vessel is filled with mercury or other material whose volume isreadily affected by changes in temperature, so that when the cooloutside air is admitted to the chamber 1 the mercury in the vessel 33will contract, allowing the disks of said vessel to spring toward eachother, which will lower the rod 34 and permit the pawl 36 to engage witha new tooth in the ratchet 37; but when this cool air is displaced bythe warmer air of the room, upon the closing of the valve 9 and openingof the valve 8, the mercury in the vessel 33, absorbin g the heat ofsaid warm air, will expand and cause the rod 34 and pawl carried therebyto move upward, thus actuating the ratchet 37 one tooth, which will windthe spring of the motor a corresponding amount and the ratchet will beprevented from a retrograde movement by the pawl 38. By the use of thisautomatic motor-winder our ventilator is adapted for use at times and inplaces where it is inconvenient to give it attention.

While we have shown as our preferred eonstruetion a two-surface cam foroperating the valves, it will be obvious that .a segmental gear 40, Fig.5, in connection with racks 41, formed upon the rods 17 and 18 or theirequivalents, might be used for bringing about this alternatereciprocation of said rods.

lVe do not wish to limit ourselves to the exact construction shown anddescribed, as many modified forms of our ventilator and its operatingmechanism may be made without departing from the spirit of ourinvention, which rests on the broad idea of automatically changing theair in a room by positive means without dependence upon the direction orforce of outside-air currents.

Having thus fully described our invention, what we claim as new anduseful is 1. I11 a ventilator, a chamber adapted to be placed incommunication with the air of a room and the outside atmosphere, incombination with valves for alternately admitting the outside atmosphereto said chamber and then permitting said air in said chamber to passinto the room, in combination with cams for operating the valves asspecified.

2. In a ventilator, a chamber having an inlet communicating with theoutside atmosphere and an outlet communicatin with the air of a room, incombination with valves adapted to regulate the flow of air through saidinlet and outlet, cams for operating the valves and a motor forcontinuously operating the cams, as and for the purpose described.

3. In a ventilator, a chamber having an opening at its bottom and top,valves for 010s ing said openings, a cam for operating said valvesalternately, and a motor for imparting a continuous and regular rotationto said cam, substantially as shown and described.

4:. In combination with the valves of an automatic ventilator, aspring-motor for operating the valves of said ventilator; and a windin gmechanism consisting of amcreury-vessel responsive to the changes oftemperature produced by the operation of said ventilator and aconnection from said vessel to the motorspring, as specified.

5. In a device of the character described, a spring-motor and means forautomatically winding said motor, in combination with. valvescommunicating with atmospheres of different temperatures and operated bythe motor, whereby the temperature of the winding means is altered tocause it to operate, as and for the purpose described.

6. In combination with the valves of an automatio ventilator, aspring-motor for operating said Valves and a Windin g mechanismconsisting of a mercury-Vessel responsive to the changes of temperatureproduced by the operation of said Ventilator and connections from saidVessel to the motor-spring as specified.

In testimony whereof We have hereunto affixed our-signatures in thepresence of two subscribing Witnesses.

LINFORD H. CONARD. ALFRED R. COLLINS. Witnesses:

SAMUEL L. TAYLOR, S. S. WILLIAMSON.

